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Routine activity theory is a sub-field of crime opportunity theory that focuses on situations of crimes . It has been developed by Marcus Felson and Lawrence E. Cohen, The premise of routine activity theory is that crime is relatively unaffected by social causes such as poverty, inequality and unemployment. For instance, after World War II, the economy of Western countries was booming and the Welfare states were expanding. Despite this, crime rose significantly during this time. According to Felson and Cohen, the reason for the increase is that the prosperity of contemporary society offers more opportunities for crime to occur; there is much more to steal. Routine activity theory is controversial among sociologists who believe in the social causes of crime. But several types of crime are very well explained by routine activity theory; for instance copyright infringement related to peer-to-peer file sharing〔Towers, Alex "Routine Piracy: Digital Piracy & Routine Activity Theory", Kings Inn Student Law Review, October 2011〕 employee theft, and corporate crime. == Theoretical framework == Motivated offenders are individuals who are not only capable of committing criminal activity, but are willing to do so. Suitable targets can be a person or object that are seen by offenders as vulnerable or particularly attractive. The factors that render a particular target attractive are situation and crime specific. The analytic Focus of the Routine Activities takes a macro-level view and emphasizes broad-scale shifts in the patterns of victim and offender behavior. It focuses on specific crime events and offender behavior/decisions. Routine Activity Theory is based on the assumption that crime can be committed by anyone that has the opportunity. The theory also states that victims are given choices on whether to be victims mainly not placing themselves in situations where crime can be committed against them 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「routine activity theory」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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